УДК 631.82/85:635.9
Authors:
V. V. Chulkova
Ural State Agrarian University (Yekaterinburg, Karl Liebknecht str., 42)
Annotation. Fertilizer is the most important method of caring for ornamental plants. According to the degree of availability of mineral substances in plants, there are mainly three states of nutrition: insufficient nutrition, sufficient supply of nutrients and their harmful excess. With insufficient nutrition, plants are stunted, sometimes prematurely bloom, bear fruit and age. If some specific elements are missing, or if a given plant species needs individual elements in greater quantities, specific symptoms of insufficiency may appear. In an excessive dose, minerals can have a toxic effect, especially when they are unilaterally exceeded, for example, by heavy metals. At the beginning of active growth, during the formation of vegetative organs, mainly nitrogen (N) is consumed. Nitrogen fertilizers promote the growth of stems and leaves. Excess nitrogen prolongs the growing season, pushes back the beginning of flowering, plants are more susceptible to fungal diseases. Phosphorus (P) is necessary for plants during flowering and fruiting, because phosphorus fertilizers promote abundant flowering, the laying of new flower buds. Potash fertilizers increase the immunity of plants, resistance to diseases, promote better overwintering, strengthen the frost resistance of the root system.
Key words: mineral fertilizers, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, value, dose, top dressing
